Formal Characteristics Of The Development Of Industrial Waste Incinerators

Nowadays, there are three equal criteria for industrial waste combustion furnaces: (1) the type of grate, (2) the method and intensity of grate movement, (3) the inclination angle of the grate and the direction of movement of the waste on the grate surface, etc.; these three scoring standards have passed, and the talent is very good to ensure that the waste is lit in time, fully burned and burned, and the grate should be divided into three areas: monotonous and ignition area, main combustion area and ash ash burning area;

Industrial waste combustion furnace technology has experienced almost 130 years of development, and industrial waste combustion furnace technology and equipment are now increasingly refined and widely used. Waste incineratorsToday, the common waste combustion systems are mainly divided into the following categories:

(1) Waste layer combustion system, such as the selection of tumbling grate, horizontal reciprocating feeding grate and inclined reciprocating grate (including forward and backward inclined reciprocating grate), etc. The first feature of the laminar combustion method is that the waste does not require severe pretreatment. The tumbling grate and reciprocating grate have a strong ignition effect, which is comparatively suitable for the combustion of urban waste with low calorific value and high ash content.

(2) Fluidized bed combustion system, which is characterized by suspended combustion of waste, full contact between air and waste, and good combustion effect. However, fluidized bed combustion requires fuel with uniform particle size and size, and also requires uniform fuel feeding, so it is generally difficult to burn large wastes, so the fluidized bed combustion system has severe requirements for waste pretreatment, which restricts its development in the field of industrial waste and municipal waste combustion.

(3) The rotary cartridge combustion furnace is characterized by putting the waste into a continuous, slowly rolling cylinder and burning until the embers, so it can complete the excellent contact between the waste and the air and the uniform and full combustion. In the West, this type of combustion furnace is mostly used for the treatment of toxic and hazardous industrial waste.

In today's highly industrialized era, municipal industrial waste combustion furnace technology is facing many new situations and new problems:

1. In economically developed countries, the bulk density of urban waste is small, the calorific value is high, and the ash and moisture content are low;

2. Waste combustion emission standards are becoming more and more stringent, especially for the emission of harmful substances in flue gas to be effectively controlled. In addition to soot, the main harmful substances in the flue gas of waste combustion are CO, SOx, NOx, organic carbon, dioxins and furane. Through the improvement of combustion technology and the adjustment of the combustion process, the occurrence and emission of these substances can be controlled to a certain extent. In contrast, in the fifties of this century, only the soot emissions of waste combustion furnaces and lower combustion temperatures were restricted. Lower combustion temperatures (e.g. 800°C) are used to fully burn the harmful substances that cause pungent odors in the furnace;

3. From the point of view of combustion furnace investment and work economy, its lower combustion capacity should be 3t/h to 20~25t/h. Therefore, modern waste laminar combustion systems should be satisfied with the following pleas:

(1) The ignition effect is strong to ensure the uniform and full combustion of waste on all grate surfaces and avoid slagging. The primary factors affecting the ignition effect of the grate are: (1) the type of grate, (2) the method and intensity of the grate movement, (3) the inclination angle of the grate and the direction of movement of the waste on the grate surface, etc.; in order to ensure the timely ignition, full combustion and ember of the waste, the grate should be divided into three areas: monotonous and ignition area, main combustion area and ash burning area;

(3) The combustion equipment should have the ability to adapt to the frequent occurrence of waste components (moisture or calorific value) and irregularities. When the waste composition is not firm, the waste feed volume of the combustion furnace, the primary air volume and its dispersion and temperature should be dispatched in time;

(4) Preheating the combustion air (primary air and secondary air);

(5) There is the possibility of introducing certain additives to reduce the emission of certain harmful substances such as dioxins, NOx and SOx;

(6) The whole combustion process is divided into the waste combustion period and the combustion period of the combustible harmful substances in the flue gas, and the air that needs to be satisfied by the burning of the embers of the flue gas in the latter period. During the waste combustion period, the amount of combustion air needs to be restrained to avoid violent irritation of the furnace temperature and excessive fly ash

(7) Ensure low carbon content of ash and fly ash (1~3%), and excellent ember combustion.