Working principle of the grate of the garbage incinerator

The garbage goes through four stages on the grate: drying and dehydration, baking and ignition, high-temperature combustion and burnout. Among them, drying and dehydration is to remove moisture from the garbage to facilitate subsequent combustion; the high-temperature combustion stage is usually around 900℃ and is the main stage of garbage combustion.

The grate can move in a reciprocating motion or a rolling motion. The reciprocating grate can be a reverse push reciprocating grate or a forward push reciprocating grate. The movement of the grate drives the garbage to be continuously turned, stirred and moved forward or reversely to ensure that the garbage is fully in contact with the air and achieve complete combustion.

3. Grate structure

The grate structure can be composed of grate blocks or a group of hollow cylinders. Different structural designs enable the grate to adapt to different garbage characteristics and combustion requirements during the garbage incineration process.

4. Temperature control in the furnace

The temperature in different parts of the furnace is uneven. The incineration temperature usually refers to the highest temperature that can be reached in a combustion chamber, which can reach 850-1100°C. The higher the calorific value of domestic waste, the higher the incineration temperature that can be reached, and the more conducive it is to the incineration of waste.

5. The role of primary air

Primary air is a key factor required for waste incineration. It enters the boiler after being heated and helps to dry and burn the waste. Keeping the temperature of the primary air stable is crucial for the stable combustion of the waste.

6. Residence time

The residence time of garbage on the grate and the residence time of flue gas in the furnace are important parameters for determining the size of the furnace and ensuring that harmful substances are fully oxidized and burned.

7. Adaptability

The grate furnace has wide adaptability. Most solid waste can be directly burned in the furnace without any pretreatment. It is especially suitable for large-scale centralized waste treatment and can be used for waste incineration power generation or heating.

8. Limitations

Sludge with particularly high moisture content and large pieces of domestic waste are not suitable for direct grate incineration, because these wastes may require special pretreatment to adapt to the combustion conditions of the grate.

These principles ensure that waste incinerators can process waste efficiently while reducing the impact on the environment.