Waste-to-Energy Measures in Extreme Cold Weather

1. Close the door faster and reduce the entry of cold air: open one door to unload during winter unloading, and the lower drainage outlets of the other unloading doors must be blocked. After stopping unloading, close the two quick doors of the platform. It is forbidden to open the doors and windows of the unloading platform to prevent cold air from leaking into the garbage bin.
2. Increase the fermentation time of garbage: During the fermentation process of garbage, the water in it is continuously discharged and the moisture content is reduced. Properly increasing the fermentation time of garbage and reducing the moisture content of garbage will help improve the combustion efficiency of garbage.

3. Increase the temperature of the garbage bin:

Set up heating in the unloading hall:

In the process of ensuring stable temperature in the garbage bin, the role of the unloading hall cannot be underestimated. As the main air inflow point, the internal temperature of the unloading hall must be kept above 10℃ to prevent cold air from affecting the garbage pool. Therefore, radiators and heaters are installed in this area to achieve effective temperature control.

Especially in winter in cold areas, it is particularly important to take appropriate heating measures and hot air compensation. These measures can not only effectively resist the infiltration of external cold air, but also ensure the constancy of the internal environment of the garbage pool. It is a feasible and economical solution to indirectly compensate for hot air by setting up steam-heated wind cabinets. Ideally, the required fresh air volume should be 60% to 80% of the air volume extracted by the garbage pool incinerator, and the temperature of the newly introduced air should be maintained between 10℃ and 15℃. Taken together, these measures work together to ensure that the unloading hall can maintain the necessary temperature stability under extreme weather conditions, providing a good environmental guarantee for garbage disposal.

Leachate heating:

In order to effectively process garbage in the cold winter, a unique heating and back-spraying mechanism is adopted. The core function of this system is to increase the temperature of approximately 30% to 50% of the ice water contained in the garbage, thereby promoting its smooth discharge. The process relies on heating the leachate to provide the necessary heat to help melt and thaw the ice.

Through this innovative design, the efficiency of garbage disposal can be significantly improved, so that winter operations are no longer restricted by severe cold. This system not only improves the overall effectiveness of waste management, but also contributes positively to environmental protection efforts.

Increasing the primary air temperature:

Increasing the primary temperature heating scheme is conducive to the fermentation and combustion of garbage. It mainly uses the hot primary air system of the incinerator to return the high-temperature hot air to the garbage pit, and controls the hot air volume by adjusting the valve and temperature, thereby increasing the temperature of the garbage pit.

4. Add high calorific value fuel into the furnace

When the calorific value of garbage is low, in order to maintain the temperature in the furnace and ensure that environmental protection standards are met, it is necessary to spray oil into the furnace to assist combustion. Therefore, when the calorific value of garbage is poor in winter, adding a portion of high calorific value biomass fuel appropriately is of positive significance to improving combustion conditions and increasing power generation.

5. Improve operational management capabilities and strengthen experience accumulation

In the normal operation of the incinerator, the technical level and management capabilities of the operation team are regarded as important evaluation criteria. Compared with traditional coal-fired furnaces, the types of raw materials processed by garbage incinerators are numerous and complex, making it difficult to maintain uniformity. In addition, the calorific value of raw materials fluctuates greatly, which puts higher requirements on grate control, material layer thickness, air volume and air temperature regulation, and slag management. Therefore, in daily operations, operators need to accumulate experience through continuous practice and observation in order to explore a set of effective operating procedures suitable for specific types of garbage in the plant. Only in this way can the stable operation of the incinerator be achieved in a complex and changing environment.