Waste Incinerator Slag Removal System

The slag removal system of a garbage incinerator is primarily designed to treat the slag produced after garbage incineration, ensuring the normal operation of the incinerator and compliance with environmental protection standards. The following is an introduction to the slag removal system of a garbage incinerator:

I. System Composition

Slag Discharge Device:
This includes the grate slag hopper and slag drop well, which work to discharge the incinerated slag from the furnace. The grate slag hopper is located below the incinerator grate to collect the slag falling through the gaps. The slag drop well is connected to the slag hopper to facilitate smooth slag descent.
Conveying Equipment:
Typically includes scraper conveyors and chain bucket conveyors. The scraper conveyor uses a scraper to push the slag forward within the trough, characterized by its simple structure and strong conveying capacity. The chain bucket conveyor drives the buckets to transport slag via a chain, making it suitable for long-distance transportation.
Slag Bin:
This is used to store the conveyed slag. The slag bin generally has a specific capacity to accommodate the slag produced over a certain period. It is usually equipped with a discharge port to facilitate the transfer of slag for subsequent treatment.
II. Working Principle
After the garbage is burned in the incinerator, the slag falls into the conveying equipment via the slag discharge device. The conveying equipment transports the slag to the slag bin for storage. When the slag in the bin reaches a certain level, it is transferred to a slag truck or other transportation tools through the unloading equipment and transported to the slag yard for further treatment, such as landfill or comprehensive utilization.

III. System Features

High Reliability:
The slag removal system is carefully designed and selected to operate stably in the harsh conditions of garbage incineration, reducing the likelihood of failure.
Good Environmental Protection:
Effective sealing measures are implemented to prevent dust generation during transportation, thereby avoiding secondary pollution. Additionally, the slag bin is ventilated and deodorized to minimize odor emissions.
High Degree of Automation:
The system is equipped with advanced control systems that enable automatic operation. The equipment's operational status can be monitored in real-time, and the conveying speed and slag bin unloading operations can be automatically adjusted to improve work efficiency.
IV. Maintenance and Management

Regular Inspection:
Conduct regular inspections of all equipment in the slag removal system, including the grate slag hopper, conveying equipment, and slag bin, to check for wear, blockage, leakage, and other issues. Timely identification and resolution of problems are essential for ensuring the system operates normally.
Cleaning and Maintenance:
Regularly clean the slag residue in the conveying equipment and slag bin to prevent excessive accumulation that could affect performance. Clean and lubricate the equipment to extend its service life.
Safety Management:
Strengthen the safety management of the slag removal system by installing safety warning signs and ensuring the safety of operators. Strict adherence to operating procedures is crucial to prevent safety accidents.
In summary, the slag removal system of the waste incinerator is a vital component of the waste incineration power generation project, and its performance and reliability directly impact the operational efficiency and environmental protection of the entire incineration system. Through reasonable design, selection, and maintenance management, the slag removal system can be ensured to operate efficiently and stably, providing strong support for waste incineration treatment.

Daily Maintenance

Equipment Cleaning:
Regularly clean the slag discharge device, including the grate slag hopper and slag well, to prevent slag accumulation and blockage. Use appropriate tools to remove residual slag from the slag hopper and well to keep them unobstructed.
Clean the surfaces of conveying equipment such as scraper conveyors and chain bucket conveyors to remove adhered slag and dust. Compressed air can be used for blowing out debris, or a wet cloth can be used for wiping.
Clean the inside and surrounding environment of the slag bin to prevent scattering of slag, which can cause pollution and safety hazards.

Check and Tighten:
Inspect the connection parts of each piece of equipment in the slag removal system, including bolts and nuts, to ensure they are tightened. If any are loose, tighten them promptly to ensure that the equipment is securely connected.
Check the connections of the chain, scraper, and other components of the conveying equipment to ensure there are no issues such as disconnection or breakage.

Lubrication and Maintenance:
Regularly lubricate the transmission parts of the conveying equipment, such as chains and bearings. Choose the appropriate lubricant according to the equipment manual and apply it according to the prescribed schedule.
Check the lubrication of the slag bin unloading equipment to ensure that the unloading door, valve, and other components operate smoothly.

Regular Inspection

Equipment Operation Status Inspection:
Observe the operation status of each device in the slag removal system, monitoring parameters such as conveying speed, motor current, and temperature. Address any abnormalities promptly by analyzing their causes.
Check the chain tension of the conveying equipment to ensure it runs with appropriate tension. Both excessive looseness and tightness can adversely affect equipment performance and lifespan.
Monitor the material level in the slag bin to avoid overloading or emptying it. Real-time monitoring can be facilitated by installing equipment such as level meters.

Equipment Wear Inspection:
Examine wear-resistant parts of the slag discharge device, such as grate plates and slag hopper linings, for excessive wear. Replace worn parts as needed to ensure effective slag discharge.
Check the wear of the scraper, chain, bucket, and other parts of the conveying equipment. For severely worn components, repair or replace them promptly to maintain conveying capacity.
Inspect the wear of the slag bin unloading equipment, including discharge door seals and valves. Replace any damaged components promptly to prevent slag leakage.

Troubleshooting

Blockage Handling:
If the slag discharge device or conveying equipment becomes blocked, stop the equipment immediately to identify the cause of the blockage. Use tools to clean the area, or employ reverse conveying and other methods to remove the blockage.
For blockages caused by high humidity or strong viscosity of slag, consider adding ventilation equipment or adjusting the slag treatment process to reduce humidity and viscosity.

Equipment Fault Handling:
If conveying equipment fails (e.g., chain breakage, motor failure), stop it immediately for maintenance. Replace damaged parts or repair the motor as needed.
For failures in the slag bin unloading equipment, check the operation of the unloading door, valve, and other components to identify and repair the cause of the failure.

Safety Management

Safety Training:
Conduct safety training for operators to familiarize them with the operating procedures and safety precautions of the slag removal system. This improves their safety awareness and emergency response capabilities.

Safety Protection:
Install safety protection devices such as protective covers and guardrails at hazardous areas of the slag removal system to ensure operator safety.

Safety Inspection:
Regularly conduct safety inspections of the slag removal system to identify safety hazards. Address any issues found promptly to ensure safe operation of the system.

By implementing these maintenance measures, the service life of the waste incinerator slag removal system can be effectively extended, and the operating efficiency and reliability of the system can be improved, ensuring the smooth progress of the waste incineration process.

The service life of the slag removal system of a waste incinerator is influenced by many factors. Generally speaking, its service life ranges from 5 to 15 years.

1. Factors Affecting Service Life

Equipment Quality:
High-quality slag removal system equipment is made from superior materials and employs advanced manufacturing processes, resulting in better wear resistance and corrosion resistance, leading to a relatively long service life. In contrast, poor-quality equipment may fail or become damaged in a relatively short time.

Operating Conditions:
The operating load, combustion temperature, slag characteristics, and other factors of the waste incinerator affect the slag removal system. High operating loads, significant fluctuations in combustion temperature, and the presence of hard or corrosive slag can accelerate the wear and corrosion of the slag removal equipment, thereby shortening its service life.

Maintenance:
Regular maintenance is essential to extending the service life of the slag removal system. Effective maintenance can promptly identify and address equipment issues, reducing the likelihood of failure and prolonging the equipment's lifespan. Conversely, neglecting maintenance can lead to reduced performance, frequent failures, and a shorter service life.

Environmental Factors:
Environmental conditions at the waste incineration plant, such as humidity, temperature, and corrosive gases, can also impact the service life of the slag removal system. Under harsh environmental conditions, the equipment is more susceptible to corrosion and damage.

2. Measures to Extend Service Life

Select High-Quality Equipment:
When purchasing slag removal system equipment, choose manufacturers and products with a good reputation and reliable quality. You can refer to the experiences of other waste incineration plants and select equipment that has been validated in practice.

Optimize Operating Conditions:
Adjust the operating parameters of the waste incinerator reasonably, controlling the combustion temperature and load while reducing the hardness and corrosiveness of the slag. Additionally, enhance the pretreatment of garbage to remove impurities that may damage the slag removal system.

Strengthen Maintenance:
Develop a scientific and reasonable maintenance plan, conducting regular inspections, cleaning, lubrication, and repairs of the slag removal system. Replace severely worn parts in a timely manner to ensure that the equipment remains in good operating condition.

Improve Environmental Conditions:
Take measures to enhance the environmental conditions of the waste incineration plant, such as improving ventilation, dehumidification, and corrosion resistance. Applying anti-corrosion paint to the equipment's surface and installing protective devices can help reduce the impact of environmental factors.

In summary, the service life of the slag removal system of the waste incinerator is influenced by many factors. By selecting high-quality equipment, optimizing operating conditions, strengthening maintenance, and improving environmental conditions, its service life can be extended, thereby enhancing the efficiency and reliability of waste incineration treatment.